Regulatory language, translated carefully.

These are working definitions used across OptimaYield's screens and reports \u2014 reserve adequacy, fragility, deposit markets, monitoring, and relationship analysis all draw on the terms below. Where a term has a precise regulatory calculation, the relevant page's own methodology note or methodology page controls, not this glossary.

BHC

Bank holding company; a legal entity that controls one or more banks. BHC and insured-bank facts are not interchangeable.

Call Report

Quarterly Reports of Condition and Income filed by insured banks, generally through FFIEC forms.

CET1 ratio

Common equity tier 1 capital divided by risk-weighted assets under the applicable regulatory definition.

FDIC certificate

Stable identifier assigned to an FDIC-insured institution; it differs from an RSSD ID.

FR Y-9C

Consolidated financial statement filed by qualifying bank holding companies with the Federal Reserve.

Net interest margin

Annualized net interest income as a percentage of average earning assets under the cited source definition.

Peer cohort

A disclosed comparison population defined by period and attributes such as assets, geography, charter, or regulator.

Reporting period

The date to which a financial observation applies; it is distinct from retrieval and publication dates.

RSSD ID

Federal Reserve National Information Center identifier used for regulated entities and ownership relationships.

Summary of Deposits

Annual FDIC branch-office deposit survey used for market-share and geographic deposit research.

Allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL)

The balance-sheet reserve a bank sets aside against expected credit losses on its loan and lease portfolio; compared against realized net charge-offs on the reserve-adequacy screen.

Net charge-off

The portion of a loan balance written off as uncollectible, net of any recoveries, over a reporting period.

Available-for-sale (AFS) securities

Securities held on the balance sheet at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported outside net income; distinct from held-to-maturity treatment.

Held-to-maturity (HTM) securities

Securities a bank intends and has the ability to hold until they mature, carried at amortized cost rather than fair value on the balance sheet.

Uninsured deposit ratio

The share of a bank's deposits above the FDIC insurance limit, used as a proxy for how flight-prone a deposit base is under stress.

Brokered deposit

A deposit placed with a bank by a third-party broker on behalf of a depositor, rather than gathered directly through the bank's own relationships; generally considered less stable funding.

Noncurrent loans ratio

Loans 90 or more days past due, or in nonaccrual status, as a share of total loans.

Loan-to-deposit ratio

Total loans divided by total deposits; a measure of how much of a bank's lending is funded by its own deposit base rather than wholesale funding.

HHI (Herfindahl-Hirschman Index)

A market-concentration measure computed as the sum of squared deposit market shares for all institutions in a geography; used on the deposit-markets pages to flag concentrated or fragmented markets.

NIC transformation

A structural change (merger, acquisition, charter conversion, or failure) recorded in the Federal Reserve's National Information Center registry for a regulated entity.

Asset-peer percentile

An institution's rank, expressed as a percentile, against other institutions in the same asset-size cohort for a given metric and period; used on the monitoring feed to flag material peer-relative moves.

Membership fingerprint

A short hash identifying the exact set of institutions and rule version behind a specific peer-cohort or comparison result, so the same query reproduces the same population later.

Interquartile range (IQR) rule

A standard descriptive outlier convention — a point beyond 1.5× the interquartile range on either axis is flagged as an outlier; used on the relationships tool without implying causation.